Table 2B. Age-adjusted prevalence (%) of atherosclerosis-related risk factors and diseases by sex (Philippines 2003 and 2008).
| 2003 | 2008 | Age adj P-value |
|
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | ||
| Men | |||
| Hypertension, single visit | 24.5 (21.4, 27.6) | 28.4 (25.7, 31.1) | 0.0670 |
| Hypertension, true prevalence | 19.0 (16.6, 21.4) | 24.1 (22.9, 25.3) | 0.0000 |
| Diabetes by FBG | 3.4 (0.6, 7.4) | 3.3 (0.6, 6.7) | 0.9701 |
| Diabetes by FBG or history | 4.5 (3.4, 5.5) | 4.9 (1.8, 8.0) | 0.7775 |
| Diabetes by FBG, history, or 2-hr PG load | N.A. | 5.9 (5.0, 6.7) | N.A. |
| Dyslipidemia | 67.0 (64.6, 69.4) | 79.0 (77.4, 80.6) | 0.0000 |
| Smoking | 56.5 (53.6, 59.3) | 53.9 (51.6, 56.2) | 0.1681 |
| Obesity by BMI (≥30) | 3.1 (1.2, 7.4) | 3.6 (0.2, 7.0) | 0.8621 |
| Obesity by WHR (≥1.0) | 12.0 (10.4, 13.7) | 10.2 (9.3, 11.2) | 0.4411 |
| CAD | 1.3 (−2.0, 4.6) | 1.0 (−2.0, 4.1) | 0.8974 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (stroke) | 1.4 (−1.2, 4.0) | 1.2 (−1.8, 4.2) | 0.9228 |
| PAD | 0.2 (−4.2, 4.6) | 0.8 (−2.4, 4.0) | 0.8946 |
| Women | |||
| Hypertension, single visit | 18.4 (19.8, 21.8) | 21.4 (18.9, 23.9) | 0.1040 |
| Hypertension, true prevalence | 12.9 (10.9, 14.9) | 17.4 (16.0, 18.8) | 0.0000 |
| Diabetes by FBG | 3.3 (−0.05, 6.6) | 4.3 (1.2, 7.3) | 0.6741 |
| Diabetes by FBG or history | 4.3 (3.3, 5.3) | 5.4 (2.6, 8.2) | 0.6077 |
| Diabetes by FBG, history, or 2-hr PG load | N.A. | 6.0 (5.3, 6.8) | N.A. |
| Dyslipidemia | 57.1 (54.6, 59.6) | 66.0 (64.0, 68.0) | 0.0000 |
| Smoking | 11.4 (8.4, 14.4) | 11.7 (8.8, 14.6) | 0.8874 |
| Obesity by BMI (≥30) | 6.3 (2.0, 10.6) | 6.1 (2.7, 9.5) | 0.9426 |
| Obesity by WHR (≥1.0) | 53.0 (50.0, 56.0) | 65.6 (63.9, 67.3) | 0.0000 |
| CAD | 2.1 (–0.8, 5.0) | 1.2 (−1.9, 4.3) | 0.7058 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (stroke) | 1.3 (−1.2, 3.8) | 0.7 (−2.0, 3.4) | 0.7752 |
| PAD | 1.0 (−4.4, 6.4) | 1.3 (−1.6, 4.2) | 0.9296 |
| All | |||
| Hypertension, single visit | 21.6 (19.6, 23.6) | 24.6 (22.7, 26.5) | 0.0327 |
| Hypertension, true prevalence | 16.4 (14.8, 18.0) | 20.6(19.4, 21.8) | 0.0000 |
| Diabetes by FBG | 3.3 (0.7, 5.9) | 3.9 (1.6, 6.2) | 0.7354 |
| Diabetes by FBG or history | 4.4 (3.7, 5.2) | 5.2 (3.1, 7.3) | 0.7151 |
| Diabetes by FBG, history, or 2-hr PG load | N.A. | 6.0 (5.4, 6.6) | N.A. |
| Dyslipidemia | 62.3 (60.5, 64.0) | 72.0 (70.7, 73.3) | 0.0000 |
| Smoking | 35.9 (33.6, 38.2) | 31.0 (29.1, 32.9) | 0.0013 |
| Obesity by BMI (≥30) | 4.7 (1.6, 7.7) | 4.9 (2.5, 7.3) | 0.9202 |
| CAD | 1.7 (−0.4, 3.9) | 1.1 (−1.1, 3.3) | 0.7161 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (stroke) | 1.4 (−0.4, 3.2) | 0.9 (−1.1, 2.9) | 0.7337 |
| PAD | 0.6 (−3.1, 4.3) | 1.0 (−1.0, 3.0) | 0.8752 |
Abbreviations: FBG, fasting blood glucose; 2-hr PG load, 2-hour post-load plasma glucose level; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist-hip ratio; CAD, coronary artery disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease.