Table 4. Association between pulse pressure and low ABI among participants with stroke or coronary heart disease.
| Pulse pressure measure |
Model 1a (OR and 95% CI) | Model 2b (OR and 95% CI) | Model 3c (OR and 95% CI) | ||||||
| Men (n = 283) |
Women (n = 432) |
Both (n = 715) |
Men (n = 283) |
Women (n = 432) |
Both (n = 715) |
Men (n = 283) |
Women (n = 432) |
Both (n = 715) |
|
| Quartile | |||||||||
| 2 | 1.27 (0.62, 2.62) |
1.69 (0.72, 3.98) |
1.42 (0.82, 2.45) |
1.30 (0.63, 2.68) |
1.68 (0.70, 4.04) |
1.44 (0.82, 2.51) |
1.40 (0.64, 3.05) |
2.13 (0.81, 5.58) |
1.57 (0.89, 2.80) |
| 3 | 1.57 (0.77, 3.21) |
2.25 (0.98, 5.18) |
1.82 (1.06, 3.10) |
1.38 (0.67, 2.85) |
1.85 (0.78, 4.40) |
1.52 (0.88, 2.64) |
1.42 (0.65, 3.12) |
2.43 (0.93, 6.32) |
1.64 (0.92, 2.92) |
| 4 | 1.79 (0.85, 3.78) |
4.06 (1.83, 9.02) |
2.74 (1.61, 4.64) |
1.73 (0.82, 3.68) |
2.91 (1.28, 6.62) |
2.33 (1.36, 3.99) |
2.58 (1.04, 6.39) |
5.72 (2.13, 15.38) |
2.57 (1.40, 4.71) |
| Continuous (per 5-mm Hg increase) |
1.10 (0.99, 1.22) |
1.14 (1.03, 1.25) |
1.11 (1.04, 1.18) |
1.09 (0.99, 1.21) |
1.07 (0.98, 1.17) |
1.08 (1.01, 1.16) |
1.17 (1.03, 1.34) |
1.15 (1.02, 1.30) |
1.15 (1.05, 1.25) |
aModel 1 included only pulse pressure.
bModel 2 included pulse pressure and age (plus sex, when men and women were analyzed together).
cModel 3 included pulse pressure, age, body mass index, smoking, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, physical activity, mean arterial pressure, community type, and abnormal glucose (plus sex, when men and women were analyzed together).
Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the first quartile as the reference group.