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. 2012 Sep 5;22(5):469–476. doi: 10.2188/jea.JE20110141

Table 1. Characteristics of study population: demographics, socioeconomic status, and background data at mean ages 32 years (1997/97) and 42 years (2006).

Parameters corresponding
to 1996/97 or 2006
Age 32/33 years
(1996/97)
Age 42 years
(2006)


n (%) mean ± SD n (%) mean ± SD
Sex        
 Male 112 (45.5)   112 (45.5)  
 Female 134 (54.5)   134 (54.5)  
Cumulative frequency of
geographic relocation
  3.02 ± 1.56   3.59 ± 1.92
  (Medium: 3)   (Medium: 3)
  (IQR: 2)   (IQR: 3)
  (Range: 0–10)   (Range: 0–13)
Education levela        
 Lower secondary education
or below
14 (5.7)   14 (5.7)  
 Higher secondary education 34 (13.8)   31 (12.6)  
 Pre-university education 31 (12.6)   33 (13.4)  
 University education or above 164 (66.7)   165 (67.0)  
Marital status        
 Living alone 44 (17.9)   36 (14.6)  
 Married 127 (51.6)   149 (60.6)  
 Cohabiting 49 (19.9)   42 (17.1)  
 Separated, Others 10 (4.1)   18 (7.3)  
Employment        
 Unemployed 19 (7.7)   18 (7.3)  
 Full-time 88 (35.8)   119 (48.4)  
 Part-time 123 (50.0)   109 (44.3)  
Personal income (Euros)        
 0–15 000 36 (14.6)   37 (15.0)  
 15 000–30 000 59 (24.0)   55 (22.4)  
 30 000–50 000 84 (34.1)   69 (28.0)  
 50 000–100 000 28 (11.4)   64 (26.0)  
 ≥100 000 18 (7.3)   20 (8.1)  
Household income (Euros)        
 0–30 000 NA   24 (9.8)  
 30 000–50 000     62 (25.2)  
 50 000–100 000     116 (47.2)  
 ≥100 000     42 (17.1)  
Number of adults in household   NA   1.82 ± 0.48
Number of children younger
than 18 years in household
  1.61 ± 0.74   1.67 ± 1.15

NA: Not available.

aSecondary education continues to approximately age 18. Pre-university education lasts 6 years in total and aims to prepare students for higher-level academic study.