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TGF-β1 impairs anion secretion across PVD9902 monolayers stimulated by forskolin in the presence of isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX). A: representative current recordings of vehicle or TGF-β1-treated (5 ng/ml, 24 h) PVD9902 monolayers exposed to IBMX (100 μM) followed by forskolin (2 μM) as indicated by the labeled bars. B: results summarized from 4 paired experiments comparing the responses to the combination of IBMX and forskolin. *P < 0.05, statistical difference from vehicle.
