Fig. 6.

Gadd45a is required for HDAC4-mediated skeletal muscle fiber atrophy. In C57BL/6 mice, one TA muscle was transfected with 15 μg of p-HDAC4-FLAG plus either 20 μg p-miR-Gadd45a #1 or 20 μg p-miR-Gadd45a #2, and the contralateral TA was transfected with 15 μg of p-HDAC4-FLAG plus 20 μg p-miR-Control. A and B: bilateral TAs were harvested 4 days posttransfection for qPCR analysis of HDAC4 and Gadd45a mRNA levels (A) and immunoblot analysis of HDAC4-FLAG expression (B). C–F: bilateral TA muscles were harvested 7 days posttransfection for histological analysis. C and E: representative images. D and F: quantification of muscle fiber size. Left, fiber size distributions. Right, mean fiber diameter ± SE; n = 5–6 muscles/condition. *P ≤ 0.02.