Table 3.

Baseline and changes in CAC, carotid IMT and hsCRP by baseline 25(OH)D level

Measure	Mean at baseline	P-value for differences in baselinea	Mean after 2 years	Mean change	P-value for change	P-value for differences in changea
Loge (CAC score +1)
Vitamin D <21	1.20	0.96	1.38	0.18	0.13	0.10
Vitamin D 21–32	1.15		1.05	−0.09	0.62
Vitamin D ≥32	1.11		1.30	0.19	0.25
Carotid IMT
Vitamin D <21	0.59	0.99	0.69	0.10	<0.0001	0.19
Vitamin D 21–32	0.57		0.64	0.07	<0.0001
Vitamin D ≥32	0.58		0.65	0.07	<0.0001
Loge (hsCRP)
Vitamin D <21	1.33	0.017	1.04	−0.29	0.011	0.89
Vitamin D 21–32	0.66		0.33	−0.33	0.049
Vitamin D ≥32	0.75		0.32	−0.43	0.036

^aAdjusted for ethnicity, drug treatments including HCQ and prednisone, and serum creatinine. 25(OH)D is shown in ng/ml.