Fig. 7.

Altered mitophagy in Irgm1 KO cells. A–C: representative transmission electron micrographs from WT mouse ileal enterocytes (A), Irgm1 KO ileal enterocytes (B), and Irgm1 KO goblet cells (C). Magnification ×20,000. Note swollen mitochondria (arrowheads) and tubular mitochondria (outlined with dashed line) in Irgm1 KO cells in B and C, respectively. These phenotypes were seen in multiple Irgm1 KO enterocytes and goblet and Paneth cells and were not cell-specific. D: representative WT mouse embryonic fibroblasts transfected with pMito to label mitochondria, exposed to IFN-γ for 24 h, and then processed for staining with anti-Irgm1 antibodies. Magnification ×1,000. E: representative WT and Irgm1 KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts exposed to IFN-γ for 24 h, stained with Mito Tracker Red to label mitochondria, and then imaged. Magnification ×1,000. F: quantified punctate, tubular, or mixed mitochondrial morphologies assessed blindly from >50 cells per treatment group per experiment, with the averages of 4 experiments shown. Values are means ± SE. *P < 0.05.