Figure 3.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA_A) modulators dose-responsively alter electroencephalogram (EEG) spectral frequency of sleep/wake states in active-phase dosing (zeitgeber time (ZT)17). EEG spectral changes (as a ratio of treatment over vehicle) from 1 to 100 Hz within each sleep/wake state for each treatment at respective doses (low, mid, and high). Yellow shaded area represents 1 (no change from vehicle)±5% as observed baseline dosing effect. 95% Confidence bounds were calculated and filled circles indicate non-overlapping areas above/below baseline dosing effect and 95% confidence intervals for each sleep/wake state. All treatments and doses were collected as independent 3-day crossover study designs in male Sprague–Dawley rats (n=16) during the active phase (ZT17).