Figure 2. NADPH oxidase activity and MAPK signaling are required for NET formation in response to antibodies against LL37.

Healthy neutrophils were pretreated for 30 min with or without the NADPH oxidase inhibitor DPI (10 µM) or U0126 (50 µM), a specific mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, before incubation with anti-LL37 antibodies for 3 h. DMSO was used as vehicle control. A) One out of three independent experiments is shown. NET release is determined by staining for DNA and visualized by fluorescence microscopy. Scale bars, 50 µm. B) The amount of NET-DNA is quantified as in Figure 1B. Mean±SD of three independent donors is indicated. **p<0.01, ANOVA (adjusted for Dunnett’s test).