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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Commun. 2011;2:329. doi: 10.1038/ncomms1331

Figure 4.

Figure 4

A model of interdependent development of tRNACys nucleotides. Center: The A37-to-G37 transition (an open circle to a black circle) from etRNACys (orange) to htRNACys (green) is proposed to couple with the transition from the G15-G48 tertiary core (a dashed line) in E. coli to the G15-C48 tertiary core (a solid line) in humans. Right: This coupled development is concomitant with the CTE fusion to the core domains of eCysRS (dark grey: activation domain; light grey: tRNA docking domains) to enable recognition of the transition for aminoacylation. The development process also recruits two other eukaryote-specific domains (light blue) to form hCysRS. Left: The A37-to-G37 transition in the coupled development of tRNA nucleotides confers high codon selectivity on the A site of the ribosome to satisfy the demand for accuracy of protein synthesis in humans.