Figure 1. Samples collection locations. Blue dots indicate locations where samples were collected in Afghanistan and analyzed for mt DNA, Y-chromosome and GWA, red dot indicates Afghan capital, Kabul.

Black dots indicate locations where samples were collected in Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and Pakistan (HGDP-CEPH) and analyzed for Y-chromosome (see further description in Table S1). Red squares indicate samples locations used for the autosomal analyses (PCA, Fst, structure-like ADMIXTURE) (see further description in Table S2).