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Characterization of SA recovered from microneedles. (A) SA recovered from SA–PVP microneedles retained its biotin binding activity. The intactness of the SA was evaluated by measuring the amount of unbound biotin using a biotin quantitation assay (n = 3, mean ± SD). (B) SDS–PAGE of SA recovered from microneedles. Lane 1: control SA; Lane 2: SA–PVP microneedles prepared using the air–vacuum method; Lane 3: SA–PVP microneedles prepared using UV-photocrosslinking method.
