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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 19.
Published in final edited form as: J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2010 Jul 19;53(6):1478–1495. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2010/08-0150)

Table 1.

Outline of study design. The dependent variables collected in Desirable Gift Tasks 2 and Disappointing Gift Task 3 were compared to dependent variables collected in Baseline Task 1.

Baseline
Task
(1)
Desirable Gift Condition Desirable
Gift Task
(2)
Disappointing Gift Condition Disappointing
Gift Task
(3)
Disfluency
Data
Positive
Expressive
Behavior
Negative
Expressive
Behavior
Engage
With
Gift
Disfluency
Data
Positive
Expressive
Behavior
Negative
Expressive
Behavior
Engage
With
Gift
Disfluency
Data

Note: Positive Expressive Behaviors coded: (1) Related broad smile (teeth showing); (2) Closed lip smile; (3) Giggling, laughing; and (4) Use of expressive hand gestures while talking. Negative Expressive Behaviors coded: (1) Tense, square-looking smile (lips open, teeth may show); (2) Down-turned mouth (i.e., frown/ grimace); (3) Sharp breath exhalation, snorting, groaning; and (4) Sighing.