Table 1. Subject Characterization and Response to Eight Weeks of Stationary Cycle Training.

		sedentary controls (n=7, 5F)			metabolic syndrome (MS) (n=11, 5F)
variable	units	baseline	post training	trained p value*	baseline	post training	trained p value*	MS vs. controls at baseline p value**
weight	kg	68.5±3.9	67.8±4.6	0.818	105.7±5.6	108.1±6.0	0.082	<0.001
BMI	kg/m2	23.9±1.2	24.0±1.3	0.787	36.2±1.1	36.9±1.2	0.778	<0.001
waist cm	cm	90.2±4.4	88.1±4.1	0.372	117.8±3.6	118.3±2.3	0.866	0.002
systolic blood pressure	mm Hg	119±4	113±4	0.148	127±4	121±3	0.265	0.193
diastolic blood pressure	mm Hg	77±2	76±3	0.600	84±3	81±3	0.208	0.096
body fat	percent	31.3±2.9	31.2±3.4	0.921	43.1±1.0	43.4±1.1	0.333	0.002
LBM	kg	45.9±2.7	45.6±2.3	0.603	60.0±2.8	60.4±3.1	0.430	0.004
peak power	Newtons	2340±230	2520±202	0.005	2830±181	2920±125	0.338	0.117
power rate	N/min	2850±393	3060±600	0.542	3040±351	3430±413	0.412	0.713
fasting serum glucose	mmol/L	5.25±0.27	5.56±0.23	0.218	5.72±0.26	5.89±0.14	0.813	<0.001
fasting serum insulin	pmol/L	37±11	27±6	0.775	95±12	145±43	0.548	0.005
HbA1c	%	4.9±0.1	4.9±0.1	0.813	5.3±0.1	5.3±0.1	0.647	0.021
total cholesterol	mg/dL	184±12	191±14	0.453	195±12	189±10	0.133	0.505
triglyceride	mg/dL	107±30	119±27	0.201	161±25	161±20	0.982	0.085
HDL cholesterol	mg/dL	54±4	59±4	0.293	41±3	41±3	1.000	0.013
LDL cholesterol	mg/dL	108±10	108±11	0.469	122±10	116±9	0.275	0.341
3 day diet history	kCal/d	1980±330			2670±295			0.137
diet fat content	% of calories	31±3			43±1			<0.001
VO2max	ml/kg.min	30.1±3.8	34.3±2.9	0.011	20.1±0.7	23.3±0.8	<0.001	0.011
RER		0.865±0.017	0.827±0.024	0.284	0.898±0.22	0.833±0.012	0.383	0.294
fat oxidation	%	24.8±3.9	39.2±10.8	0.265	19.7±5.4	33.9±4.0	0.063	0.928

^*paired t test,

^**independent t test, BMI is body mass index, LBM is lean body mass, RER is respiratory exchange ratio