Table 4.

Bivariate and multivariate analyses of variables associated with contraceptive use among HIV positive women (aged 15–49 years), attending ART units in zonal hospitals, Tigray, (N = 361) North Ethiopia, 2012.

Variable	Utilize contraceptive		Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	P-value
	Yes (%)	No (%)
Educational status
Illiterate	29 (17.4%)	58 (29.9%)	1	1
Read and write	39 (23.3%)	46 (23.7%)	1.70 (0.92, 3.14)	1.45 (0.66, 3.15)
Primary (1–8)	31 (18.6%)	55 (28.4%)	1.13 (0.60, 2.11)	0.92 (0.41, 2.09)
Secondary and above (grade 9 and above)	68 (40.7%)	35 (18.0%)	3.89 (2.12, 7.11)*	2.85 (1.17, 6.95)**	0.02
Occupation 2
Government employee	66 (39.5%)	35 (18.0%)	1	1
Daily laborer	35 (21%)	49 (25.3%)	0.38 (0.21, 0.69)*	0.98 (0.43, 2.27)
House wives	38 (23.8%)	73 (37.6%)	0.28 (0.16, 0.49)*	0.4 (0.17, 0.93)**	0.034
Private employee	28 (16.8%)	37 (19.1%)	0.40 (0.21, 0.76)*	0.51 (0.23, 1.12)
Age group (years)
15–24	19 (11.4%)	17 (8.8%)	1	1
25–34	97 (58.1%)	100 (51.5%)	0.87 (0.43, 1.77)	0.3 (0.12, 0.79)**	0.015
≥35	51 (30.5%)	77 (39.7%)	0.59 (0.28, 1.2)	0.31 (0.11, 0.87)**	0.026
Grouped monthly income (ETB)
≤500	67 (40.1%)	104 (53.6%)	1	1
501–1500	69 (41.3%)	71 (36.6%)	1.5 (0.96, 2.37)*	1.38 (0.77, 2.48)
1501–2500	22 (13.2%)	13 (6.7%)	2.6 (1.24, 5.57)*	1.98 (0.76, 5.19)
≥2501	9 (5.4%)	6 (3.1%)	2.3 (0.79, 6.84)*	2.43 (0.66, 8.96)
Counseling service for contraceptive
Yes	165 (47.4%)	183 (52.6%)	4.96 (1.08, 22.7)*	5.07 (0.71, 36.1)
No	2 (15.4%)	11 (84.6%)	1	1
Grouped CD4
≤250 cells/mm3	63 (37.7%)	50 (25.8%)	1.74 (1.1, 2.73)*	0.94 (0.50, 1.75)
>250 cells/mm3	104 (62.3%)	144 (74.2%)	1	1
Current HAART use
Yes	144 (86.2%)	150 (77.3%)	1.84 (1.06, 3.20)*	3.23 (1.49, 7.01)**	0.003
No	23 (13.8%)	44 (22.7%)	1	1

*Statistical significance in COR, **statistical significance in AOR, OR: odds ratio, CI: confidence interval, and 1: reference.