Table 1.

Cancer risks in diabetes.

First author, year of publication	Study method [reference]	Sample	Risk of cancer among DM participants (95% CI)
Noto, 2011	Meta-analysis [2]	12 cohort studies	Men RR = 1.14 (1.06–1.23) Women RR = 1.18 (1.08–1.28)
Deng, 2012	Systematic review and meta-analysis [3]	8 case-control studies 16 cohort studies	RR = 1.26 (1.20–1.31)
Jiang, 2011	Systematic review and meta-analysis [4]	30 cohort studies	Summary RR = 1.27 (1.21–1.34)
Krämer, 2012	Meta-analysis [5]	8 case-control studies 21 cohort studies	Men RR = 1.29 (1.19–1.140) Women RR = 1.34 (1.22–1.47).
Boyle, 2012	Meta-analysis [6]		Summary RR = 1.27 (1.16–1.39)
Hardefeldt, 2012	Meta-analysis [7]	43 studies	Men RR = 1.40 (1.10–1.79) Women RR = 1.24 (1.15–1.35)
Tian, 2012	Meta-analysis [8]	7 case-control studies 18 cohort studies	Summary RR = 1.11 (1.00–1.24)
Ge, 2011	Meta-analysis [9]	4 case-control studies 17 cohort studies	Summary RR = 1.09 (0.98–1.22) Women Summary RR = 1.18 (1.01–1.39)
Stevens, 2007	Systematic review and meta-analysis [10]	6 case-control studies 3 cohort studies	RR = 2.00 (1.37–3.01)
Ben, 2011	Meta-analysis [11]	35 cohort studies	Summary RR = 1.94 (1.66–2.27)
Larsson, 2011	Meta-analysis [12]	9 cohort studies	Men RR = 1.26 (1.06–1.49) Women RR = 1.70 (1.47–1.97)
Bansal, 2013	Meta-analysis [13]	16 case-control studies 29 cohort studies	RR = 0.86 (0.80–0.92)
Peairs, 2011	Systematic review and meta-analysis [14]	8 studies	HR = 1.49 (1.35–1.65)
Noto, 2010	Systematic review and meta-analysis [15]	1 case-control study 4 cohort studies	Men RR = 1.25 (1.06–1.46) Women RR = 1.23 (0.97–1.56)