Table 1.
Altered expression of nuclear genes in mtDNA depleted C2C12 and A459 cells
| Genes identified | mRNA levels (fold of control cells) | |
|---|---|---|
| Depleted | Reverted | |
| RyR1 | 18.0 | 3.0 |
| Calsequestrin | 4.1 | 1.1 |
| Calreticulin | 2.5 | 1.2 |
| Cathepsin | 5.0 | 2.0 |
| TGFβ1 | 5.0 | 1.1 |
| Epiregulin | 6.5 | 1.0 |
| Mouse melanoma antigen | 16.0 | 2.5 |
| P53 | 9.3 | 2.5 |
| cMyc | 4.2 | 1.8 |
| PEP carboxykinase | 3.0 | 1.5 |
| Hexokinase | 4.0 | 1.0 |
| 2 novel genes with no homology to published sequence | 4.0–5.3 | 2.0–3.0 |
| Tim44 | 8.0 | – – |
| Tom40 | 5.2 | – – |
| VDAC | 6.0 | – – |
| Bcl2 | 4.3 | 1.4 |
| Bid | 3.0 | – – |
| Bax | 2.5 | – – |
| Insulin Receptor Substrate 1 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
| Glut4 | 5.3 | 1.6 |
| 6 MtDNA transcript | 0.2 | 0.7–0.9 |
Primer extension products showing increased or decreased RNA levels in mtDNA-depleted cells were amplified by PCR, cloned and sequenced to identify the genes. The DNA fragments were subsequently used as probes in Northern blot hybridization with RNA from control, mtDNA-depleted and reverted cells. The relative RNA levels have been expressed as fold of control cell level that was considered as 1.