Table 1.

Potential advantages and disadvantages of starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) early in the course of treatment for serious opportunistic infections (OIs)

Potential advantages of early initiation of ART	Potential disadvantages of early initiation of ART (overlapping treatment)
Prevent progressive immunodeficiency	High pill burden
More rapid immune recovery	Co-toxicity
More rapid resolution of OI	Pharmacokinetic drug interactions
Rapid reduction in mortality risk	Immune reconstitution disease
Prevention of further OIs and other morbidity	More difficult to identify drug causing toxicity