Table 1.
Individual Cannabis Withdrawal Symptoms Experienced and Relief Actions Taken by 113 Participants with Schizophrenia.
| Withdrawal Symptom | Number who took relief actions/Number who experienced the withdrawal symptom (%) |
Number of relief actions used median (range) |
|---|---|---|
| Feeling anxious, nervous | 60/63 (95.2) | 7 (1-17) |
| Craving for cannabis | 67/71 (94.4) | 2 (1-17) |
| Feeling restless | 47/51 (92.2) | 3 (1–7) |
| Feeling bored | 52/57 (91.2) | 3 (1-14) |
| Upset stomach | 10/11 (90.9) | 1.5 (1–3) |
| Nausea | 9/10 (90.0) | 1 (1–9) |
| Trouble falling asleep | 36/40 (90.0) | 3 (1–12) |
| Waking up during the night | 31/35 (88.6) | 3 (1–11) |
| Stomach pain | 13/15 (86.7) | 1 (1–3) |
| Feeling sad, depressed | 46/54 (85.2) | 3 (1–9) |
| Diarrhea | 5/6 (83.3) | 1 (1–2) |
| Sleep less than usual | 30/36 (83.3) | 3 (1–10) |
| Feeling irritable, “jumpy” | 43/54 (79.6) | 2 (1–10) |
| Headaches | 21/27 (77.8) | 1 (1–4) |
| Increase in appetite | 27/35 (77.1) | 2 (1–7) |
| Tremor, shakiness | 10/13 (76.9) | 2 (1–7) |
| Weight gain | 16/21 (76.2) | 2 (1–5) |
| Physical discomfort | 6/8 (75.0) | 1.5 (1–6) |
| Physically attacked another person |
5/7 (71.4) | 3 (1–12) |
| Sweating | 11/16 (68.8) | 1 (1–7) |
| Feeling aggressive | 15/22 (68.2) | 3 (1–12) |
| Feeling angry | 23/34 (67.7) | 3 (1-17) |
| Vomiting | 4/6 (66.7) | 1.5 (1–8) |
| Waking up earlier than usual |
18/27 (66.7) | 3.5 (1–8) |
| Chills | 8/13 (61.5) | 2 (1–7) |
| Insulted, yelled, or swore at another person |
11/18 (61.1) | 3 (1–7) |
| Sleep more than usual | 11/19 (57.9) | 2 (1–4) |
| Vivid dreams | 19/33 (57.6) | 2 (1–8) |
| Decrease in appetite | 16/28 (57.1) | 2 (1–7) |
| Increase in sex drive | 8/14 (57.1) | 3 (1–9) |
| Strange dreams | 16/29 (55.2) | 2.5 (1–8) |
| Punched or kicked another person |
4/8 (50) | 2.5 (1–5) |
| Pulled a knife, gun, or other weapon on another person |
1/2 (50) | 2 (2-2) |
| Muscle twitches | 5/10 (50.0) | 3 (2–7) |
| Weight loss | 4/8 (50.0) | 1 (1–2) |
| Decrease in sex drive | 4/10 (40.0) | 2.5 (1–3) |
| Pushed, grabbed, or stabbed another person |
2/6 (33.3) | 7 (2-12) |
| Improved memory | 4/19 (21.1) | 2.5 (1–5) |
| Threw or broke something | 3/10 (30.0) | 2 (2-12) |
| Other sleep problem | 1/1 (100) | 6 (6-6) |
Withdrawal symptoms listed in descending order of frequency of participants taking relief action. “Other sleep problem” listed last because reported by only one participant. Range does not include 0 because of inability to distinguish missing values from a true 0 value.