FIG. 6.

The effects of SiMiaoFang (SMF) on interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin E (PGE₂), cyclooxygenase-1 (Cox-1), and Cox-2 in serum of cruciate ligament transection+medial meniscus resection (ACLT+MMx) rats. Blood was obtained from the abdominal aorta at 6 weeks of treatment after the ACLT+MMx operation and sham-operated, and serum was used for the assays of IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, iNOS, PGE₂, COX-1, and COX-2. Data represent the mean±standard deviation (SD) of samples from 10 rats in each group compared the treatment group with untreated ACLT+MMx rats. (***) p<0.001, (**) p<0.01, and (*) p<0.05, compared with ACLT+MMx; (###) p<0.001, (##) p<0.01, compared with the sham group.