Table 4.
Mean Serum Concentrations of Vitamins and Minerals Pre- and Post-EMP+ Supplementation
| Nutrient | Reference range | Average pre-EMP+ level Mean (SD) | Average post-EMP+ level Mean (SD) | Significance (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| sTfR | 2.9–8.3 μg/mL | 3.9 (0.82) | 3.6 (0.46) | 0.600 |
| Ferritin | 20.0–400.0 ng/mL | 138.3 (104.31) | 90.5 (69.97) | 0.091 |
| Mg | 15.0–30.0 μg/mL | 17.3 (1.02) | 17.7 (0.49) | 0.176 |
| Zinc | >0.8 μg/mL | 1.7 (0.42) | 1.8 (0.47) | 0.612 |
| Vit A: Retinol | >0.70 μmol/L | 3.3 (1.16) | 5.0 (1.58) | 0.018* |
| Vit B6: PLP | 20.0–120.0 nmol/L | 54.3 (16.61) | 104.0 (41.24) | 0.028* |
| Vit D | >20.0 ng/L | 26.3 (3.93) | 38.7 (22.22) | 0.063 |
| Vit E: α-TC | 6–12 μg/mL | 6.6 (2.07) | 10.6 (3.00) | 0.043* |
| Vit E: γ-TC | —- | 1.3 (0.59) | 0.92 (0.35) | 0.063 |
| Folate | 3.8–23.2 μg/mL | 3.9 (1.72) | 5.9 (0.75) | 0.028* |
sTfR and ferritin are markers for iron status.
EMP+, EMPowerPlus; PLP, pyridoxal phosphate; α-TC, alpha tocopherol; γ-TC, gamma tocopherol; Mg, magnesium; sTfR, soluble transferrin receptor.
(−) not available; (*) significant, p<0.05.