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. 2013 Oct 17;5:667–679. doi: 10.2147/IJWH.S49220

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© 2013 Lee and Chang. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License

The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.

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Frequency-domain analysis of heart rate variability at rest and after the 6 × 10-second intermittent sprint test for the participants in the smoking and nonsmoking groups.

Notes: (A) lnLF; (B) lnHF; (C) lnLF/lnHF; (D) LF/HF; (E) LFnu; and (F) HFnu. The values shown are the mean ± standard deviations. *The time by condition interaction (P<0.01); ^#the significant main effect between the smoking and nonsmoking groups (P<0.05).

Abbreviations: lnLF, natural logarithm of low frequency; Pre-Ex, preexercise; Post-Ex, postexercise; lnHF, natural logarithm of high frequency; lnLF/lnHF, natural logarithm of low/high frequency; LF/HF, low frequency/high frequency ratio; LFnu, normalized LF; HFnu, normalized HF.