Figure 2. Relative expression (mean 2^{- ΔΔCt}) of select genes among six individuals without heart failure, four patients that underwent non-LVAD cardiac surgery (prior to and 7 days after surgery), and nine end-stage heart failure patients (prior to and 7 days after LVAD implant) as measured by RT-qPCR.

Ŧ p < 0.05 compared to non-heart failure patients, * p < 0.05 compared to pre surgery (non-LVAD cardiac surgery or LVAD implant).