Figure 4.

Anatomical signature for the linguistic proficiency of individuals in JSL. (A–C) Correlations between regional gray matter (GM) volumes and individual performances (d′) of the Word (A), Sent (B), and Disc (C) tasks. In the left column, correlation maps (FDR-corrected p < 0.05) are projected onto the left lateral surfaces of a standard brain for the L. PreCG/PostCG (A) and for the L. F3O (C). An axial slice (z = 14) is shown for the largest cluster in the right (R.) insula, as well as for the second largest cluster in the left insula (B). A sagittal slice (x = −19) is shown for the largest cluster in the L. precuneus (C). In the right column, scattered plots and regression lines are shown for partial correlations between the standardized d′ of each task and the standardized GM volumes at the peak voxel, after removing the effects of age, LQ, gender, age of hearing loss, AOAs of JSL, AOAs of JPN, and d′ of the R task.