Table 1.
FDG-PET studies of treatment outcome in major depression: table summarizes the 18F-FDG-PET identified in the literature past 1996 that reported on regional brain glucose metabolic rate as a biological predictor of treatment outcome.
| Authors and year | N | Treatment | Imaging analysis | Brain region |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mesiotemporal cortex |
Dorsal
prefrontal cortex |
Ventral
prefrontal cortex |
Anterior cingulate |
Posterior cingulate |
Insula |
Parietal |
Temporal |
Occipital |
Basal ganglia |
Thalamus |
Cerebellum |
Midbrain |
|||||||||||||||||
| L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
L/R/B |
|||||||||||||||||
| Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | Rsp | NR | ||||
| Little et al. (1996) | 11 | Venlafaxine or buproprion (randomized, with cross-over) |
SPM | –/–/↓° | –/–/↓° | –/–/↓° | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Buchsbaum etal. (1997) | 17 | Sertraline
(placebo-controlled, randomized) |
BMP/correlation | ↑/–/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mayberg (1997) | 18 | SSRI, TCA, buproprion | ROI | –/↑/– | –/↓/– | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (non-randomized) | SPM | ↓/v/–C | –/–/↓ | –/↑/– | –/↓/– | –/↓/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brody etal. (1999) | 16 | Paroxetine | ROI/correlation | ↓/–/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wu et al. (1999) | 36 | Sleep deprivation | ROI | –/–/↑ | –/↑/– | –/↓/– | –/↓/– | –/↓↑/–D | –/↓/–D | ↑/–/– | –/↓/– | ↓/–/– | –/↓/– | ||||||||||||||||
| *ROI | –/↓/– | ↓/–/– | –/↑/↑A | –/–/↑ | –/↓/– | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brannan et al. (2000) | 53 | Antidepressants | ↑/–/– | –/↑/– | –/–/↑ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brody et al. (2001) | 24 | Paroxetine or ITP | ROI | –/↑/– | ↑/–/– | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (non-randomized) | SPM | –/–/↑ | –/–/↑ | –/↑/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kennedy et al. (2001) | 13 | Paroxetine | SPM | ↓/–/–phc | –/↑/– | –/↓/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Saxena et al. (2003) | 27 | Paroxetine | ROI/correlation | –/↓/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 44B | SPM | –/–/↑ | –/↑/– | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Little et al. (2005) | 20 | Venlafaxine or buproprion | SPM | ↓/–/– | –/–/↓ | –/–/↓ | –/–/↑ | /–/↓E | –/↓/–E | –/↓/– | ↓/–/–F | –/–/↓C | –/–/↑G | ↑/–/–G | –/↓/↓° | –/–/↓C | c | –/–/↑ | |||||||||||
| (randomized, with cross-over) | SPM (absolute) | ↑/–/– | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| *SPM | ↓/–/– | ↓/–/– | –/–/↓ | ↑/–/–F | ↓/–/– | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| *SPM (absolute) | ↓/–/– | ↓/–/– | –/–/↓ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Abbreviations: Comparison group are Controls unless otherwise indicated; *Comparison of Responders to Non-responders; N=number of depressed subjects, L/R/B=Left, Right, Bilateral, BMP=Biomedical Computer Program, SPM=Statistical Parametric Mapping, All SPM data are from normalized rCMRglu unless otherwise indicated. Results of Little et al. (1996) are from both absolute and normalized rCMRglu, A=data from 21 subjects not studied previously, B=MDD +/− comorbid OCD, C=decrease rCMRglu in right Brodmann area 44 and left Brodmann area 46/49 are unique to non-responders, phc=post hoc analysis, D=non-responders express decrease rCMRglu in Brodmann area 38/21, increase rCMRglu is seen in responders, decrease rCMRglu in responders is located in Brodmann area 37, E=non-responders to buproprion demonstrated decrease rCMRglu in right Brodmann area 32, while responders to venlafaxine demonstrated decrease rCMRglu in Brodmann area 32 bilaterally, F=non-responders to buproprion demonstrated decreased rCMRglu in left Brodmann area 4, responders to either medication demonstrated increase rCMRglu in left Brodmann area 40, G=venlafaxine non-responders only, buproprion responders only; ITP=Interpersonal therapy, °=coordinates not reported from SPM analysis.