Table 3.

Odds ratios for type 2 diabetes according to melatonin secretion.

	Odds Ratio of incident diabetes
	Continuous (per unit decrease in log aMT6s/creatinine ratio)*	Decreasing category of aMT6s*
		≥49.1 ng/mg	26.2-49.0 ng/mg	≤26.1 ng/mg
Number of cases	370	79	122	169
Number of controls	370	123	124	123
Model 1	1.36 (1.14 - 1.61)	Ref	1.54 (1.03 – 2.30)	2.03 (1.38 – 3.01)
Model 2	1.34 (1.11 – 1.61)	Ref	1.45 (0.92 – 2.28)	1.94 (1.26 – 2.99)
Model 3	1.47 (1.12 – 1.92)	Ref	1.33 (0.75 – 2.36)	2.31 (1.32 – 4.03)
Model 4	1.48 (1.11 – 1.98)	Ref	1.26 (0.66 – 2.39)	2.17 (1.18 – 3.98)

Model 1: Matched for Age and Race.

Model 2: Same as model 1 with adjustment for BMI.

Model 3: Same as model 2 with adjustment for physical activity, smoking, family history of diabetes, dietary factors (AHEI score, glycemic index, polyunsaturated/saturated fats, % energy from trans fats, cereal fiber intake, and alcohol intake), history or treatment of hypertension, sleep duration, history for snoring, use of beta-blockers, use of NSAIDs, menopausal status, and region of US.

Model 4: Same as model 3 with adjustment for E-selectin, HsCRP, ICAM-1, and IL-6.

^*Melatonin secretion was assessed by measuring the urinary appearance of its primary metabolite (6-sulfatoxymelatonin [aMT6s]) in the first morning urine with normalization using urinary creatinine.