Figure 2.

Desmosine is elevated in the induced sputum of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and correlates with MMP and cytokine concentrations. (A) Desmosine concentration was analyzed by ELISA in induced sputum from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Mean desmosine concentrations were 2.4-fold higher in tuberculosis. (B–D) MMPs in induced sputum were measured by luminex multiplex array. MMP-2, -8 and -9 correlated most closely with desmosine concentrations (E and F). Cytokine concentrations were measured by luminex array and IL-6 and TNF-α associated most closely with sputum desmosine concentration.