Effect of A. incarnata root extract enriched with pregnane glycosides (incarnatin) on food intake in rats. (A) Chromatogram of incarnatin extract at 254 nm with (−)ESI LC-MS fragmentation of ikemagenin shown in the inset. (B) Daily food intake of male rats (n = 6) orally administered with vehicle (Ctr) or 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day of incarnatin during five dosing days (gray box) and three recovery days. (C) Fasting-induced food intake of male rats (n = 6) after a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg incarnatin during 0–3, 3–6, and 0–24 h time periods following the dosing. (D) Gastric accommodation of male rats (n = 6) 1 h after receiving a single dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg incarnatin. (E) Daily food intake of male rats (n = 4) orally administered with vehicle (Ctr) or incarnatin fractions of high (A), middle (B), and low (C) polarity. All values are means ± SEMs (n = 4–6). Asterisks indicate a significant difference (*p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01) from respective controls as determined by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s post-test.