Table 3.
Results of primary and secondary outcomes. Values are numbers of participants unless stated otherwise
| Variables | No of studies (references) | Nasal CPAP group | Intubation group | Relative risk (95% CI) | Risk difference (95% CI) | Number needed to treat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Death at 36 weeks corrected gestation | 47-10 | 145/1296 | 180/1486 | 0.88 (0.68 to 1.14) | −0.02 (−0.04 to 0.01) | |
| BPD at 36 weeks corrected gestation | 47-10 | 383/1182 | 461/1354 | 0.91 (0.82 to 1.01) | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | |
| Death or BPD, or both | 47-10 | 532/1296 | 641/1486 | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.99) | −0.04 (−0.07 to −0.00) | 25 |
| Received any mechanical ventilation | 47-10 | 839/1296 | 1441/1486 | 0.56 (0.32 to 0.97) | −0.34 (−0.68 to −0.01) | |
| Surfactant treatment | 47-10 | 643/1296 | 1402/1486 | 0.40 (0.23 to 0.70) | −0.51 (−0.79 to −0.23) | |
| Pneumothorax | 47-10 | 86/1296 | 78/1486 | 1.26 (0.51 to 3.09) | 0.01 (−0.04 to 0.05) | |
| Postnatal corticosteroid treatment | 37 8 10 | 97/1041 | 137/1024 | 0.73 (0.49 to 1.10) | −0.04 (−0.07 to 0.00) | |
| Intraventricular haemorrhage (grade III/IV) | 47-10 | 133/1270 | 126/1445 | 1.1 (0.84 to 1.44) | 0.00 (−0.03 to 0.03) | |
| Any necrotising enterocolitis | 47-10 | 122/1286 | 115/1469 | 1.19 (0.93 to 1.52) | 0.01 (−0.01 to 0.03) | |
| Any patent ductus arteriosus | 37 9 10 | 251/632 | 321/832 | 1.06 (0.87 to 1.30) | 0.03 (−0.06 to 0.11) | |
| Patent ductus arteriosus needing ligation | 27 10 | 50/410 | 60/408 | 0.83 (0.59 to 1.17) | −0.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | |
| Any retinopathy of prematurity | 38-10 | 278/602 | 336/771 | 1.05 (0.80 to 1.36) | 0.01 (−0.09 to 0.11) | |
| Severe retinopathy of prematurity | 38-10 | 87/806 | 83/941 | 1.22 (0.71 to 2.08) | 0.01 (−0.02 to 0.05) |
CPAP=continuous positive airway pressure; BPD=bronchopulmonary dysplasia.