Table 1.
Baseline characteristics by colorectal cancer case status of the Shanghai Men's Health Study participants (N = 61,274)a
| Colorectal cancer cases | Non-cases | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 398 | 60,876 | |
| Total fruits and vegetables (g/day) | 491.55 ± 13.14 | 495.22 ± 1.06 | 0.78 |
| Total vegetables (g/day) | 349.17 ± 9.64 | 343.56 ± 0.78 | 0.56 |
| Total fruits (g/day) | 142.38 ± 6.32 | 151.66 ± 0.51 | 0.14 |
| Cruciferous vegetables (g/day) | 111.71 ± 3.75 | 110.51 ± 0.30 | 0.75 |
| Allium vegetables (g/day) | 17.21 ± 0.87 | 16.40 ± 0.07 | 0.35 |
| Legumes (g/day) | 40.49 ± 1.63 | 40.82 ± 0.13 | 0.84 |
| Green leafy vegetables (g/day) | 102.44 ± 3.39 | 100.28 ± 0.27 | 0.53 |
| Other vegetables (g/day) | 158.85 ± 5.52 | 155.34 ± 0.45 | 0.53 |
| Citrus fruits (g/day) | 11.36 ± 0.92 | 12.55 ± 0.07 | 0.20 |
| Watermelon (g/day) | 72.92 ± 3.97 | 79.13 ± 0.32 | 0.12 |
| Age (years) | 63.21 ± 0.49 | 55.31 ± 0.04 | < 0.01 |
| Educational level (%) | |||
| ≤ Elementary school | 6.16% | 6.62% | 0.59 |
| Middle school | 32.59% | 33.05% | |
| High school | 34.98% | 36.97% | |
| ≥ College | 26.27% | 23.36% | |
| Annual per capita family income (%) | |||
| < 6,000 yuan | 8.79% | 12.55% | 0.21 |
| 6,000 – 11,999 yuan | 39.21% | 42.69% | |
| 12,000 – 23,999 yuan | 40.48% | 35.06% | |
| ≥ 24,000 yuan | 11.52% | 9.70% | |
| Occupation | |||
| Professional | 27.39% | 26.53% | 0.80 |
| Clerical | 22.71% | 21.92% | |
| Manual worker | 49.90% | 51.55% | |
| Cigarette smoking (%) | |||
| Never | 32.23% | 30.42% | 0.25 |
| Past | 8.95% | 10.98% | |
| Current | 58.83% | 58.60% | |
| Alcohol consumption (%) | |||
| Never | 63.02% | 66.33% | 0.72 |
| Past | 4.04% | 4.42% | |
| Current | 32.94% | 29.25% | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.24 ± 0.15 | 23.72 ± 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Exercise participation (MET hours/week) Median (Q1, Q3) |
0 (0, 17.15) | 0 (0, 7.98) | 0.62 |
| Total energy intake (Kcal/day) | 1945.35 ± 23.87 | 1906.98 ± 1.93 | 0.11 |
| Red meat intake (g/day) | 62.77 ± 2.17 | 63.09 ± 0.17 | 0.88 |
| Total meat intake (g/day) | 133.78 ± 3.90 | 130.76 ± 0.31 | 0.44 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 7.81% | 6.26% | 0.15 |
| Family history of colorectal cancer (%) | 3.40% | 2.10% | 0.49 |
a
For all characteristics except age, means ± standard error and percentages were adjusted for age at baseline.
Similarly, all P values, other than age, were adjusted for age. The P values were calculated using the Cochran-Mantel Haenszel test for a general association for categorical variables and the test of difference in least-squared means for continuous variables except for exercise participation which was tested using exercise participation ranks in a general linear model due to non-normality.
BMI: Body mass index; MET: metabolic equivalents.