Fig. 2.

Possible mechanisms of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) action. Targets of inhibition are HDAC enzymes, which are associated with histone modifications that are implicated in altering chromatin structure and gene expression. Among the genes with altered expression are transcription factors, which also confer changes in expression of their respective target genes, as well as genes that code for proteins implicated in histone tail and chromatin modification. Lastly HDAC inhibition can alter activity and binding of important non-histone regulatory determinants, including transcription factors, thereby altering the expression of target genes. PTM: Post Translational Modification