Table 2.
Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics
| Characteristics | Frequency (Percentage) | P value of methylated genes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p16 | DDAH2 | DUSP1 | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 14 (35%) | |||
| Female | 26 (66%) | 0.546 | 0.168 | 0.631 |
| Ethnic | ||||
| Malay | 5 (12.5%) | |||
| Chinese | 6 (15.0%) | |||
| Indian | 29 (72.5.0%) | 0.214 | 0.473 | 0.560 |
| Age Range (Years) | ||||
| 20-39 | 4 (10%) | |||
| 40-59 | 15 (37.5%) | |||
| 60-79 | 19 (47.5%) | |||
| > 80 | 2 (5%) | 0.196 | 0.050* | 0.574 |
| Habit | ||||
| No habit | 8 (20%) | |||
| Quit habit | 1 (2.5%) | |||
| Alcohol drinking/Tobacco smoking/Betel-quid chewing | 31 (77.5%) | 0.855 | 0.541 | 0.575 |
| Tumors Site | ||||
| Buccal mucosa | 19 (47.5%) | |||
| Gum | 8(20%) | |||
| Tongue | 12 (30%) | |||
| Lip | 1 (2.5%) | 0.001* | 0.700 | 0.601 |
| Pathological TNM stage | ||||
| I | 4 (10%) | |||
| II | 6 (15%) | |||
| III | 4 (10%) | |||
| IV | 26 (65%) | 0.327 | 0.587 | 0.325 |
| Invasive front (POI staging) | ||||
| Cohensive | 6 (15%) | |||
| Non cohensive | 31 (77.5%) | |||
| No stated | 3 (7.5%) | 0.247 | 0.542 | 0.278 |
| Differentiation (Tumour grading) | ||||
| Well | 13 (32.5%) | |||
| Moderate | 25 (62.5%) | |||
| Poorly | 1 (2.5%) | |||
| No stated | 1 (2.5%) | 0.862 | 0.858 | 0.735 |
*Significant difference for promoter hypermethylation in p16 with tumour site by Fisher's Exact test (P=0.001), and DDAH2 with patients' age by independent-samples T test (P=0.050).