Table 1.
Clinicopathologic Factors of the Entire Cohort
| All patients (n=462) | No fistula (n=229) | Fistula (n=133) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median age (range) | 58 (11–92 years) | 58 (11–92 years) | 55 (18–82 years) | 0.08 |
| Gender (female) | 276 (60%) | 204 (74%) | 72 (26%) | 0.12 |
| BMI>30 kg/m2 | 101 (22%) | 60 (59%) | 41(41%) | 0.003 |
| Albumin<3.5 mg/dL | 218 (47%) | 153 (70%) | 65 (30%) | 0.64 |
| Cardiac history | 102 (22%) | 81 (80%) | 20 (20%) | 0.02 |
| History of DM | 57 (12%) | 43 (77%) | 13 (23%) | 0.33 |
| Splenectomy | 321 (69%) | 226 (70%) | 95 (30%) | 0.56 |
| Additional organ resection | 116 (25%) | 76 (23%) | 40 (31%) | 0.11 |
| Cholecystectomy | 28 (6%) | 20 (71%) | 8 (29%) | |
| Colon/SBR | 21 (4.5%) | 6 (29%) | 15 (71%) | |
| Stomach | 18 (4%) | 13 (72%) | 5 (28%) | |
| Adrenal | 7 (1.5%) | 3 (43%) | 4 (57%) | |
| Other | 42 (9%) | 34 (81%) | 8 (19%) | |
| Laparoscopic procedure | 13 (3%) | 8 (62%) | 5 (38%) | 0.31 |
| Pancreatic stump closure | 0.73 | |||
| Suture (fish-mouth) with PD ligation | 158 (34%) | 112 (71%) | 46 (29%) | |
| Suture (fish-mouth) no PD ligation | 69 (15%) | 48 (70%) | 21 (30%) | |
| Falciform patch | 108 (23%) | 78 (72%) | 30 (28%) | |
| Suture + fibrin glue | 18 (4%) | 11 (61%) | 7 (39%) | |
| Suture + omental patch | 21 (5%) | 17 (81%) | 4 (19%) | |
| Stapled | 41 (9%) | 31 (76%) | 10 (24%) | |
| Stapled with Seamguard | 45 (10%) | 30 (66%) | 15 (33%) | |
| Operative time (min) | 189, 170 | 184, 167 | 202, 175 | 0.047 |
| Mean, median (range) | (54–660) | (54–660 min) | (60–658 min) | |
| Pathology | 0.34 | |||
| Mucinous cystic tumor (cancer, borderline, adenoma) | 88 (19%) | 59 (67%) | 29 (33%) | |
| Neuroendocrine | 84 (18%) | 59 (70%) | 25 (30%) | |
| Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | 68 (15%) | 50 (74%) | 18 (26%) | |
| Chronic pancreatitis + pseudocyst | 57 (12%) | 41 (72%) | 16 (28%) | |
| IPMN | 45 (10%) | 36 (80%) | 9 (20%) | |
| Serous cystadenoma | 38 (8%) | 28 (74%) | 10 (26%) | |
| Normal pancreas as part of another operation | 22 (5%) | 16 (73%) | 6 (27%) | |
| Metastases (renal and melanoma) | 12 (3%) | 5 (42%) | 7 (58%) | |
| Solid pseudopapillary | 9 (2%) | 6 (66%) | 3 (33%) | |
| Trauma | 7 (1.5%) | 5 (71%) | 2 (29%) | |
| Other | 32 (6.5%) | 16 (66%) | 8 (33%) | |
| Length of pancreas (cm), mean, median (range) | 9.2, 9.0 (0.4–26 cm) | 9.2, 9 (0.4–26 cm) | 9.0, 9 (2–25 cm) | 0.53 |
| Width of pancreas (cm), mean, median (range) | 4.6, 4.5 (1.8–15 cm) | 4.6, 4.3 (0.8–15 cm) | 4.7, 4.5 (1.6–11 cm) | 0.51 |
| Thickness of pancreas (cm), mean, median (range) | 2.6, 2.5 (0.5–9.0 cm) | 2.6, 2.5 (0.5–9 cm) | 2.5, 2.4 (0.6–6.0 cm) | 0.55 |
| Overall mortality | 4 (0.8%) | |||
| LOS (days) mean, median (range) | 7.5, 6 (0–60 days) | 7.1 6 (0–42 days) | 8.5, 7 (3–60 days) | 0.036 |