Table 2.
Low- vs High-Impact Fistulas in Patients Who Underwent Pancreaticoduodenectomy
| No. (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | Low-Impact Fistula (n = 29) |
High-Impact Fistula (n = 46) |
P Value |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 62 (11.1) | 63 (15.4) | .47 |
| Length of stay, mean (SD), d | 10.3 (5.5) | 32 (21.4) | <.001 |
| Length of operation, mean (SD), min | 353.0 (92.0) | 392.3 (132.1) | .21 |
| Discharged with drain | 23 (79.3) | 23 (50.0) | .02 |
| JP drain output on postoperative day 7, mean (SD), mL | 114.1 (116.0) | 229.4 (223.2) | .01 |
| Use of antibiotics | 8 (27.6) | 39 (84.8) | <.001 |
| Use of octreotide | 4 (13.8) | 32 (69.6) | <.001 |
| Use of TPN | 1 (3.5) | 30 (65.2) | <.001 |
| Duration of fistula, mean (SD), d | 17.8 (6.3) | 35.4 (17.5) | <.001 |
| Associated abscess or collection | NA | 36 (78.3) | <.001 |
| Need for IR drainage | NA | 28 (60.9) | <.001 |
| Delayed gastric emptying | NA | 7 (15.2) | .04 |
| Need for reoperation | NA | 5 (10.9) | .15 |
| Bleeding | NA | 9 (19.6) | .01 |
| Mortality | |||
| 30-Day or in-hospital | NA | 5 (10.9) | .15 |
| Fistula-related | NA | 7 (15.2) | .04 |
Abbreviations: IR, interventional radiology; JP, Jackson-Pratt; NA, not applicable (by definition, low-impact fistulas do not result in these complications); TPN, total parenteral nutrition.