Table 1.
Summary Means and Standard Deviations
| Weighted | Unweighted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | S.D. | Mean | S.D. | Min | Max | |
| Outcomes (Year Five) | ||||||
| Std. Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-Revised (PPVT-R (Std.)) [n = 2180] | 95.78 | 17.03 | 93.36 | 15.83 | 40 | 139 |
| Std. Woodcock-Johnson Letter-Word Identification Test (WJT (Std.)) [n = 2192] | 102.12 | 14.48 | 99.93 | 14.99 | 46 | 186 |
| Aggressive Behaviour (Aggression) [n = 2492] | 10.96 | 5.96 | 11.16 | 6.51 | 0 | 36 |
| Anxiety/Depression Symptoms [n = 2527] | 3.68 | 3.12 | 3.50 | 3.07 | 0 | 20 |
| Obesity [n = 2030] | 0.16 | 0.36 | 0.17 | 0.37 | 0 | 1 |
| Asthma [n = 3605] | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.26 | 0 | 1 |
| Family Structure (At-Birth) | ||||||
| Parents Married | 0.61 | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0 | 1 |
| Parents Cohabiting | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother is Single | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 |
| Family Structure (Year Five) | ||||||
| Parents Married | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0 | 1 |
| Parents Cohabiting | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.14 | 0.35 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother is Single | 0.25 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Married to New Partner | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Cohabiting with New Partner | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 0 | 1 |
| Family Stability (Birth to Year Five) | ||||||
| Stable Marriage | 0.46 | 0.50 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0 | 1 |
| Cohabitation to Marriage | 0.05 | 0.23 | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0 | 1 |
| Stable Cohabitation | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0 | 1 |
| Stable Single | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.14 | 0.34 | 0 | 1 |
| Cohabiting at Year Five (Unstable) | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.26 | 0 | 1 |
| Married at Year Five (Unstable) | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.20 | 0 | 1 |
| Single at Year Five (Unstable) | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Married to New Partner at Year Five (Unstable) | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.19 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Cohabiting with New Partner at Year Five (Unstable) | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.32 | 0 | 1 |
| Other Covariates | ||||||
| Male | 0.55 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 |
| Firstborn (Father) | 0.34 | 0.47 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother White | 0.41 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Black | 0.22 | 0.42 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother Hispanic | 0.29 | 0.45 | 0.03 | 0.18 | 0 | 1 |
| Other | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0 | 1 |
| Father of Different Race | 0.09 | 0.29 | 0.37 | 0.48 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother HS Dropout | 0.31 | 0.46 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother had HS Diploma | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother had Some College | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.11 | 0.32 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother had College Degree | 0.24 | 0.42 | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother has < Education | 0.19 | 0.40 | 0.52 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother has Same Education | 0.56 | 0.50 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother has > Education | 0.25 | 0.43 | 30.28 | 6.04 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother’s Age | 32.11 | 6.19 | 32.85 | 7.11 | 19 | 53 |
| Father’s Age | 35.13 | 7.05 | 0.08 | 0.28 | 20 | 72 |
| Mother had a Father Figure | 0.08 | 0.26 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0 | 1 |
| Father had a Father Figure | 0.07 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother lived with both parents at 15 | 0.53 | 0.50 | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0 | 1 |
| Father lived with both parents at 15 | 0.58 | 0.49 | 4.72 | 4.74 | 0 | 1 |
| Years parents knew each other before pregnancy | 6.93 | 5.83 | 2.97 | 0.61 | 0 | 31 |
| Mother’s DDI | 3.01 | 0.61 | 3.00 | 0.71 | 1 | 4 |
| Father’s DDI | 3.01 | 0.68 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 1 | 4 |
| Mother’s Parents had Mental Problems | 0.26 | 0.44 | 0.20 | 0.40 | 0 | 1 |
| Father’s Parents had Mental Problems | 0.19 | 0.40 | 6.79 | 2.64 | 0 | 1 |
| Mother’s WAIS Scores | 7.12 | 2.82 | 6.50 | 2.74 | 0 | 15 |
| Father’s WAIS Scores | 6.62 | 2.73 | 0.52 | 0.50 | 0 | 15 |
Data: FFCWS
The table presents weighted and unweighted means and standard deviations.
Unweighted N = 3,676