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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 23.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Cancer. 2013 Jul 4;13(8):572–583. doi: 10.1038/nrc3557

Figure 3. Nutrients that fuel one carbon metabolism.

Figure 3

Serine and glycine metabolism is generated de novo from glycolysis through the oxidation of intermediate 3-phosphoglycerate. Serine and glycine are also transported into cells. Sarcosine and possibly threonine can also enter cells and be converted to glycine. The question mark denotes that threonine catabolism has been found to be utizilized in mammals including mice. Its analog in humans has not been identified. Dashed arrows denote multiple biochemical steps. Bi-directional arrows denote reversible steps. Abbreviations: PHGDH – phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, GLDC – Glycine Decarboxylase, SHMT – Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, GNMT – Glycine N-methyltransferase, THF – Tetrahydrofolate, Me-THF – 5,10 Methylenetetrahydrofolate.