Skip to main content
. 2013 Aug 27;11(9):3272–3287. doi: 10.3390/md11093272

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Inhibitory effects of apo-9′-fucoxanthinone (APO-9′) on pro-inflammatory cytokine production in CpG DNA-stimulated BMDMs. BMDMs were treated with APO-9′ at the indicated doses for 1 h before stimulation with CpG DNA (1 μM). The concentrations of murine IL-12 p40 (A), IL-6 (B) and TNF-α (C) in the culture supernatants were determined by ELISA. Data are representative of three independent experiments. APO-9′, Apo-9′-fucoxanthinone; N.D., not detectable. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 vs. APO-9′-untreated cells in the presence of CpG DNA.