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. 2013 Oct 18;62(11):3736–3746. doi: 10.2337/db13-0035

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3.

GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling is activated in db/db mouse intestinal epithelium. A: β-Catenin transcription level was detected by real-time RT-PCR. mRNA expression was calculated relative to β-actin. B and C: β-Catenin accumulation was increased in db/db mice compared with db/+ mice, and the β-Catenin accumulation in db/db mice was reduced by CR. B and D: GSK-3β Ser9 phosphorylation was increased in db/db mice compared with db/+ mice, and the increased GSK-3β Ser9 phosphorylation in db/db mice was reversed by CR. E: β-Catenin target gene cyclin D1 was detected by immunohistochemical staining. F: β-Catenin target gene cyclin D1 was increased in db/db mice intestine and was decreased by CR. PCR or Western blot data are from at least three independent experiments and are expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bar, 50 µm.