FIG. 6.

Increased degradation of β-catenin attenuated proliferation of intestinal epithelium in HFD-fed mice. A: β-Catenin, GSK-3β Ser⁹ phosphorylation, total GSK-3β, and cyclin D1 expression detected by Western blot; β-actin were used as a loading control. B, C, and D: Quantification of β-catenin, GSK-3β Ser⁹ phosphorylation, and cyclin D1 expression. E: H-E staining show longer villi length in HFD and HFD + DMSO mice and shorter villi length in HFD + JW55 mice. F: Quantification of villi length. G: Cell proliferation identified by immunohistochemical staining with BrdU. Brown nucleus indicates BrdU-positive cells. H: Quantification of the BrdU-positive cells. Western blot data from at least three independent experiments and are expressed as mean ± SEM; mice n = 4–8 per group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. Scale bar, 20 µm.