Table 3.

Effect of nurse absenteeism on testing

	Independent Variable: Indicator for Tested for HIV during pregnancy
	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
Panel A
PMTCT Nurse Present	0.587	0.568	0.558	0.557	0.587
	(0.067)**	(0.066)**	(0.065)**	(0.065)**	(0.067)**
Constant	0.241	0.200	0.252	0.469	0.241
	(0.065)**	(0.099)*	(0.101)*	(0.279)+	(0.065)**
Visit Date Controls		X	X	X
HIV Priors			X	X
Controls				X
Observations	588	588	584	577	577
R-squared	0.16	0.19	0.19	0.22	0.17
Panel B
PMTCT Nurse Present	0.596	0.575	0.586	0.585	0.575
	(0.138)**	(0.138)**	(0.138)**	(0.145)**	(0.138)**
Low prior HIV +ve	−0.040	−0.045	−0.035	−0.036	−0.045
	(0.155)	(0.157)	(0.158)	(0.164)	(0.157)
PMTCT Nurse Present * Low prior HIV +ve	−0.018	−0.018	−0.034	−0.033	−0.018
	(0.159)	(0.160)	(0.162)	(0.168)	(0.160)
Constant	0.273	0.251	0.455	0.452	0.247
	(0.135)*	(0.152)	(0.294)	(0.300)	(0.151)
Visit Date Controls		X	X	X	X
Controls			X	X
SES Index*Present interaction				X
Observations	584	584	577	577	577
R-squared	0.17	0.19	0.21	0.21	0.19
Test: Presence no effect on low prior subjects	55.66	52.67	51.74	51.70	52.90
prob>F	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

Notes: Standard errors in brackets clustered at the visit date level.

**, * and + indicate statistical significance at the 1, 5 and 10 percent level respectively. The dependent variables are defined in Table 1. "Tested for HIV" takes value 1 if a pregnant woman was given an HIV test during any visit at the ANC clinic during pregnancy, 0 otherwise. PMTCT Nurse Present takes value 1 if the PMTCT nurse was present at the ANC clinic on the day of the first visit during a particular pregnancy, 0 otherwise. Visit date controls include the day of the week, day of the month and day of the month squared. Controls include age, age squared, an indicator for primary school completion, married, church attendance, reports boiling water, has permanent roof, location in the district, number of initial livestock holdings, quarter of conception and log distance to the clinic.