Figure 4.

Spatial extent and propagation of ripple events. Examples of single ripple events and their wavelet maps recorded from 10 sites in the septal and intermediate segments of the hippocampus (as in Fig. 2). Ripple events can spread in a septotemporal or temporoseptal direction (long dashed arrows), but multiple other forms, such as synchronous, or locally confined events are also present. Occasionally, ripples emerge from two seeds simultaneously (dual; two arrows) or travel in opposite directions (reflected), leading to prolongation or doubling of ripple events at certain locations.