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Potential neuroprotective and neurorestorative mechanisms of human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs). hAECs have immunomodulatory properties which lead to a reduction of immune cell infiltration into the brain, thus reducing inflammation. They secrete various trophic and angiogenic factors which stimulate angiogenesis, neuronal differentiation and survival, and decrease apoptotic cell death, thus leading to improved functional outcomes.
