Table 4.

Generalized Ordered Logistic Regression Analysis of the Association of Race, Gender, and Comorbidity With Independence in ADLs 6 Months After Hip Fracture: Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) (95% Confidence Intervals [CIs]) (N = 2012)

Predictors	Adjusted OR (95% CI) for Independence in at Least 1 ADL* (N = 1756; 87.3%)	p Value	Adjusted OR (95% CI) for Independence in at Least 3 ADLs† (N = 1264; 62.8%)	p Value
Male	0.94 (0.63, 1.41)	.77	1.01 (0.76, 1.34)	.94
White	1.53 (0.89, 2.62)	.13	1.20 (0.79, 1.82)	.40
Age 75–84	0.65 (0.40, 1.06)	.08	0.59 (0.43, 0.83)	.001
Age 85+	0.64 (0.39, 1.08)	.10	0.38 (0.27, 0.53)	<.0001
Dementia	0.25 (0.17, 0.36)	<.0001	0.26 (0.18, 0.39)	<.0001
Hypertension	1.01 (0.73, 1.40)	.13	0.89 (0.71, 1.10)	.30
Arrhythmia	0.83 (0.50, 1.28)	.39	0.85 (0.60, 1.18)	.33
Diabetes	0.89 (0.58, 1.37)	.60	0.88 (0.63, 1.22)	.45
Cancer	1.07 (0.65, 1.73)	.19	1.02 (0.73, 1.42)	.91
COPD/Asthma	1.45 (0.85, 2.48)	.17	0.81 (0.58, 1.14)	.18
CHF	1.04 (0.64, 1.71)	.17	0.87 (0.59, 1.29)	.50
Angina	1.09 (0.61, 2.00)	.30	0.92 (0.64, 1.35)	.74
MI	1.45 (0.82, 2.60)	.20	0.97 (0.67, 1.41)	.88
CVA/Stroke	1.09 (0.67, 1.80)	.72	0.48 (0.33, 0.72)	<.0001
Parkinson’s disease	0.79 (0.43, 1.47)	.46	0.65 (0.39, 1.09)	.10
Constant	–		–

Notes: Adjusted for fracture type, walked independently before the fracture versus with personal help, with device or not at all; activities of daily living (ADL) limitations before the fracture; cohort; year of admission.

^*Compared to independent in 0 ADLs at 6 months (N = 256; 12.7%).

^†Compared to independent in 0, 1, or 2 ADLS at 6 months (N = 748; 37.2%).

COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHF = congestive heart failure; MI = myocardial infarction; CVA = cerebrovascular accident.