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. 2013 Oct;195(20):4716–4725. doi: 10.1128/JB.00685-13

Table 2.

Molecular and catalytic properties of acrylyl-CoA reductases from Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1, Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3, Escherichia coli K-12 substrain MG1655, the crenarchaeon Sulfolobus tokodaii, and the Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium propionicumd

Organism Gene locus Enzyme role in metabolism Substrates Products Sp act (μmol min−1 mg−1) Apparent Km for acrylyl-CoA (μM) Apparent Km for NADPH (μM) Turnover no. per subunit (s−1) Native mol mass (kDa) Calculated monomeric mol mass (kDa) Composition Specificity (%)
MDR012 family
    Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 RSP_1434 (acuI) 3-Hydroxypropionate assimilation Acrylyl-CoA, NADPH, H+ Propionyl-CoA, NADP+ 130 ± 11 ≤1.5 28 80 64 37 Homodimer Acrylyl-CoA, 100; crotonyl-CoA, <1; 3-OH–propionyl–CoA, <1; acrylate, <1; NADPH, 100; NADH, 7
    Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3 SPO_1914 Dimethylsulfoniopropionate metabolismb Acrylyl-CoA, NADPH, H+ Propionyl-CoA, NADP+ 96 ± 4 ≤2.8 18 60 62 37 Homodimer Acrylyl-CoA, 100; crotonyl-CoA, <1; 3-OH–propionyl–CoA, <1; acrylate, <1; NADPH, 100; NADH, 2
    Escherichia coli K-12 substrain MG1655 yhdH Unknown Acrylyl-CoA, NADPH, H+ Propionyl-CoA, NADP+ 72 ± 6 ≤1.1 33 45 56 37 Homodimer Acrylyl-CoA, 100; crotonyl-CoA, <1; 3-OH–propionyl–CoA, <1; acrylate, <1; NADPH, 100; NADH 10
Sulfolobus tokodaii ST0480 Autotrophic CO2 fixation Acrylyl-CoA, NADPH, H+ Propionyl-CoA, NADP+ 18.7 3 36 13 43 36 Monomer Acrylyl-CoA, 100; crotonyl-CoA, <1; NADPH, 100; NADH, <1
Clostridium propionicum Unidentified Fermentation of alanine Acrylyl-CoA, NADH, H+ Propionyl-CoA, NAD+ 0.79 2 ± 1 ND, NADH, 8 μM 4a 600 ± 50 149c Heterohexadecamer (α2βγ)4 Acrylyl-CoA, 100; 3-buten–2-one, 0.7; crotonyl-CoA, <1
a

Turnover number per enzyme complex.

b

Physiological role of acrylyl-CoA reductase in Rg. pomeroyi DSS-3 was shown by Reisch et al. (21).

c

Experimentally derived molecular mass of α2βγ heterotetramer.

d

Data for R. sphaeroides 2.4.1, Rg. pomeroyi DSS-3, and E. coli K-12 substrain MG1655 are from this study. Data for S. tokodaii and C. propionicum were obtained from Teufel et al. (1) and Hetzel et al. (3), respectively. ND, data not available.