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. 2013 Sep 20;42(5):1464–1475. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyt158

Table 3.

Geometric mean COex level by certain smoking characteristics among 135 521 current regular smokers

Smoking characteristics Men
Women
No. Mean COex (95% CI), ppm No. Mean COex (95% CI), ppm
Any tobacco smokera
    Hand-rolled cigarettes only 12 615 10.8 (10.0–11.6) 631 8.7 (7.4–10.1)
    Pipe or water-pipe only 1 984 13.1 (12.2–14.2) 40 12.3 (9.5–15.8)
    Mixed types 4 843 14.3 (13.3–15.4) 90 11.1 (9.1–13.6)
    Manufactured cigarettes only 108 920 15.1 (14.1–16.2) 6398 13.1 (11.3–15.1)
Manufactured cigarette smokers only
    No. smoked on the day of surveyb
        0 15 575 5.5 (5.4–5.5) 1428 4.5 (4.3–4.7)
        1–2 20 503 9.3 (9.2–9.4) 2504 8.9 (8.5–9.3)
        3–4 23 650 12.2 (12.1–12.3) 1436 11.5 (10.9–12.0)
        5–8 27 154 14.4 (14.3–14.5) 757 12.8 (12.1–13.6)
        ≥9 22 038 16.5 (16.3–16.6) 273 13.4 (12.3–14.7)
    No. smoked in past hourb,c
        0 32 265 11.2 (11.1–11.2) 2570 9.1 (8.7–9.5)
        1 38 240 13.1 (13.0–13.2) 2122 10.5 (10.0–11.1)
        ≥2 22 840 14.9 (14.8–15.0) 278 12.0 (11.0–13.1)
    No. smoked in usual daya
        1–4 5 672 12.5 (11.6–13.4) 1498 10.7 (9.3–12.3)
        5–14 30 356 14.1 (13.1–15.1) 3455 12.3 (10.7–14.1)
        15–24 54 980 15.8 (14.7–16.9) 1334 12.7 (11.1–14.5)
        ≥25 17 912 16.1 (15.0–17.2) 111 13.7 (11.5–16.2)
    Age started smoking (years)d
        <20 36 832 17.4 (16.3–18.7) 1684 12.7 (11.0–14.5)
        20–24 41 605 16.6 (15.5–17.8) 1162 12.9 (11.3–14.8)
        25–30 14 918 15.8 (14.7–16.9) 811 12.5 (10.9–14.4)
        ≥30 15 565 14.3 (13.4–15.4) 2741 12.5 (10.9–14.2)
    Level of inhalatione
        To mouth only 23 949 14.1 (13.2–15.1) 1920 11.3 (9.9–13.0)
        To throat only 30 508 15.7 (14.7–16.8) 1914 13.1 (11.4–14.9)
        Lung 54 463 17.5 (16.4–18.8) 2564 13.7 (12.0–15.6)

aAdjusted for age at survey, area, time of day, season, no. of cigarettes smoked on day of survey and level of inhalation.

bAdjusted for age at survey, area, time of day, season and level of inhalation.

cRestricted to participants who had smoked 1 cigarette or more on the day of survey.

dAdjusted for area, time of day, season, no. of cigarettes smoked on the day of survey and level of inhalation.

eAdjusted for age at survey, area, time of day, season and no. of cigarettes smoked on the day of survey.