Table 1. Summary of demographics for control and schizophrenia groups in the postmortem (a) and antemortem (b) cohorts.
|
a. Postmortem cohort |
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|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control group (n=37) | Schizophrenia group (n=37) | df | P | |||
| Age (years) | 51.1 (14.6) | 51.3 (14.1) | t=−0.06 | 72 | 0.96 | |
| Gender | 7 F, 30 M | 13 F, 24 M | χ2=2.47 | 1 | 0.12 | |
| Caucasian | 36 | 36 | ||||
| Asian | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Hemisphere | 23 R, 14 L | 17 R, 20 L | χ2=1.96 | 1 | 0.16 | |
| pH | 6.66 (0.3) | 6.61 (0.3) | t=0.64 | 72 | 0.52 | |
| PMI (h) | 24.8 (11.0) | 28.8 (14.1) | t=−1.26 | 72 | 0.21 | |
| RIN | 7.3 (0.6) | 7.3 (0.6) | t=0.24 | 72 | 0.81 | |
| Age of onset (years) | — | 23.7 (0.1) | ||||
| DOI (days) | — | 27.6 (2.3) | ||||
| Manner of death | 36 Natural, 1 accidental | 27 Natural, 8 suicide, 1 accidental, 1 undetermined | ||||
| Antipsychotics | — | 30 Predominantly typicals, 6 predominantly atypicals, 1 typical and atypical | ||||
| Antidepressant history | — | 19 Yes, 18 no | ||||
| Subclass | — | 16 Paranoid, 7 undifferentiated, 5 disorganized, 4 schizoaffective depressed, 3 schizoaffective bipolar, 2 residual | ||||
|
b. Antemortem cohort | ||||||
| Control group (n=101) | Schizophrenia group (n=48) | |
df |
P |
||
| Age (years) | 26.1 (7.5) | 34.4 (7.8) | t=−6.26 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| Gender | 52 F, 49 M | 17 F, 31 M | χ2=3.38 | 1 | 0.07 | |
| Caucasian | 63 | 47 | ||||
| Asian | 35 | 1 | ||||
| Hispanic | 1 | 0 | ||||
| African | 2 | 0 | ||||
| Education (years) | 15.1 (2.0) | 12.7 (2.3) | t=6.3 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| WAIS-III | ||||||
| LNS SS | 12.2 (3.2) | 8.2 (3.0) | t=7.4 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| Picture completion SS | 21.0 (2.4) | 18.3 (3.3) | t=5.67 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| DSST SS | 12.3 (3.1) | 6.8 (2.3) | t=10.84 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| Similarities SS | 12.0 (2.8) | 9.8 (3.0) | t=4.5 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| Arithmetic SS | 12.7 (2.5) | 7.9 (3.4) | t=9.68 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| FSIQ | 113.4 (13.7) | 91.6 (13.9) | t=9.06 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| WTAR reading | 108.2 (8.3) | 104.9 (9.0) | t=2.27 | 147 | <0.0001 | |
| Age of onset (years) | — | 27.4 (20.1) | ||||
| DOI | — | 14.0 (14.6) | ||||
| BMI | — | 31.3 (14.3) | ||||
| Antidepressants | 0 | 19 | ||||
| CPZ | — | 661.1 (531.9) | ||||
| Subtype | — | 25 Paranoid, 6 undifferentiated, 3 disorganized, 6 schizoaffective depressed, 6 schizoaffective bipolar, 2 residual | ||||
| PANSS | ||||||
| Positive score | — | 15.9 (4.8) | ||||
| Negative score | — | 14.6 (6.8) | ||||
| General score | — | 33.5 (10.0) | ||||
| Total score | — | 64.0 (18.7) | ||||
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CPZ, chlorpromazine equivalent dose; DOI, duration of illness; DSST, digit symbol substitution test; FSIQ, full-scale IQ; LNS, letter number sequencing; L/R, left/right; PANSS, positive and negative syndrome scale; M/F, male/female; PMI, postmortem interval; RIN, RNA integrity number; SS, standard score; WAIS-III, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 3rd edition; WTAR, Wechsler Test of Adult Reading.