TABLE 2.

Fit Indexes for Confirmatory Factor Models of NEO–Five Factor Inventory (NEO–FFI) Subcomponents by Domain

NEO-FFI Domain/ Factor Model	SB χ2	df	p	CFI	RMSEA	AIC
Neuroticism (scoring alternative 1)
Self-reproach, negative affect
Young adults, trait factors only	98.74	53	<.001	.94	.053	−7.26
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	95.18	53	<.001	.95	.062	−10.82
Young adults, trait + method factors	54.44	41	.077	.98	.038	−27.56
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	55.81	41	.060	.98	.042	−26.19
Multiple group, trait + method factors	173.07	113	<.001	.97	.032	−52.93
Neuroticism (scoring alternative 2)
Self-reproach, anxiety, depression
Young adults, trait factors only	67.15	32	<.001	.92	.060	3.15
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	76.29	32	<.001	.91	.082	12.29
Young adults, trait + method factors	30.96	22	.097	.98	.037	−13.04
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	26.05	22	.250	.99	.030	−17.95
Multiple group, trait + method factors	100.70	73	.018	.97	.027	−45.30
Extraversion
Sociability, positive affect, activity
Young adults, trait factors only	111.19	51	<.001	.93	.063	9.19
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	128.61	51	<.001	.89	.086	26.61
Young adults, trait + method factors	62.78	39	<.009	.97	.045	−15.22
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	76.32	39	<.001	.95	.068	−1.68
Multiple group, trait + method factors	122.98	74	<.001	.93	.036	−25.02
Openness
Aesthetic interests, intellectual interests, unconventionality
Young adults, trait factors only	70.98	32	<.001	.88	.064	6.98
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	57.05	32	.004	.91	.062	−6.95
Young adults, trait + method factors	48.21	22	<.001	.92	.063	4.21
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	21.33	22	.500	1.00	.000	−22.67
Multiple group, trait + method factors	122.98	74	<.001	.925	.036	−25.02
Agreeableness
Nonantagonistic orientation, prosocial orientation
Young adults, trait factors only	108.78	53	<.001	.89	.059	2.78
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	114.47	53	<.001	.87	.075	8.47
Young adults, trait + method factors	60.08	41	.027	.96	.040	−21.92
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	68.00	41	.005	.94	.056	−14.00
Multiple group, trait + method factors	172.01	108	<.001	.94	.034	−43.99
Conscientiousness
Orderliness, goal striving, dependability
Young adults, trait factors only	140.67	51	<.000	.85	.077	38.67
Middle-age adults, trait factors only	74.68	51	.017	.96	.048	−27.32
Young adults, trait + method factors	63.98	39	.007	.96	.032	−30.76
Middle-age adults, trait + method factors	47.24	39	.171	.99	.047	−14.02
Multiple group, trait + method factors	175.32	109	<.001	.95	.035	−42.68

Note. SB χ² = Satorra–Bentler Scale corrected chi-square; CFI = comparative fit index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; AIC = akaike information criteria. Multiple-group models represent the final factor model after nested model tests gradually constraining the most parameters possible to equality across groups without deterioration of model fit.