. 2013 Sep 24;3(1):301–311. doi: 10.1159/000354190

Table 3.

All scale-individual between-groups ANOVAs and t tests

Test/subtest	Direction	Mean values¹			ANOVA – Pr(>F)	Magnitude of effect	t tests, p value
		group 1	group 2	group 3			group 1 vs. group 2	group 2 vs. group 3	group 1 vs. group 3
Verbal Fluency	⇑ = +	0.800	0.400	−2.833	0.0980		0.7180	0.1799	0.1262

Boston Naming	⇑ = +	−0.25	−0.40	−0.80	0.3966		0.6526	0.3001	0.1810

MMSE	⇑ = +	0.25	0.20	−0.60	0.0483*	0.0944	0.9678	0.0311*	0.0472
		0.1143	0.0965	−0.1879

Ten-Item Word Recall	⇑ = +	−1.5	0.4	−1.0	0.4131		0.08042	0.3643	0.7556

Word List Recognition	⇑ = +	2.25	−1.60	1.00	0.2986		3.013e–6*	0.001296*	0.1238

Delayed Recall of Word List	⇑ = +	1.25	0.00	0.60	0.007401*	0.1237	0.01360*	0.1093	0.1879
		0.3744	−0.3153	0.0158

Constructional Praxis	⇑ = +	−1.0	0.2	0.0	0.1835		0.02061*	0.8047	0.1767

Delayed Recall of Praxis Items	⇑ = +	0.75	1.00	−0.20	0.005749*	0.1220	0.6955	0.000652*	0.1438
		0.0374	0.2671	−0.3739

Trail Making Test A (numbers)	⇓ = +	−5.5	28.0	−14.0	0.5466		0.00589*	0.0867	0.6997

Trail Making Test A (letters)	⇓ = +	−67.5	−77.8	−20.0	0.006042*	0.1304	0.799	0.2107	0.09068*
		−0.0730	−0.1296	0.1880
		0.0730	0.1296	−0.1880

Trail Making Test B	⇓ = +	−107	−179	−19	1.182e–5*	0.3661	0.1373	0.002446*	0.0002375*
		−0.0304	−0.4141	0.4384
		0.0304	0.4141	−0.4384

Word-Form Fluency	⇑ = +	2.75	0.60	0.40	0.01239*	0.1070	0.08721	0.8846	0.03451*
		0.4648	−0.1576	−0.2156

Clock Drawing	⇑ = +	1.75	1.00	1.40	0.000644*	0.2084	0.0457*	0.5272	0.5769
		0.1832	−0.1665	0.0110

Execution of Instructions	⇓ = +	0.5	0.0	0.4	0.1401		0.2030	0.07251	0.7861

Naming	⇓ = +	−0.75	1.40	1.00	0.6618		4.647e–6*	0.2247	1.115e–5*

Verbal Production	⇓ = +	−0.5	0.0	0.4	0.01116*	0.1104	0.03667*	0.04251*	0.0001533*
		−0.7930	0.00	0.6344
		0.7930	0.00	−0.6344

Verbal Comprehension	⇓ = +	0.0	−0.2	0.4	0.594		0.6013	0.1251	0.1974

Appropriate Word-Finding	⇓ = +	−0.5	0.6	0.2	0.5321		0.01857*	0.1885	0.06899

Barthel Index	⇑ = +	−1.00	2.00	−6.25	0.003964*	0.2338	0.02051*	1.153e–6*	2.538e–6*
		0.1257	1.0059	−1.4145

IADL	⇑ = +	−0.25	−0.40	−0.80	0.1152		0.6777	0.1866	0.2038

Münchner Lebensqualitäts	⇑ = +	17.5	−5.8	−4.8	0.02289*	0.0878	3.013e–5*	0.8883	0.00267*
Dimensionen Liste		0.6396	−0.2755	−0.2362

Self-Assessment	⇓ = +	19.25	13.20	52.00	0.2424		0.5385	0.006874*	0.00978*

External Assessment	⇓ = +	8.0	−12.5	25.4	0.2555		0.2500	0.02413*	0.3045

Patient Survey: Feelings	⇓ = +	−1.0	−2.4	0.4	0.3198		0.5743	0.3088	0.5398

Patient Survey: Memory	⇓ = +	−3.0	0.8	−0.4	0.1241		7.791e–5*	0.5382	0.1741

Patient Survey: Circumstances	⇓ = +	−1.5	−0.8	−4.2	0.55		0.7435	0.1005	0.07753

Family Survey: Circumstances	⇓ = +	−2.3	−1	4	5.081e–7*	0.9951	0.2339	2.480e–5*	2.692e–6*
		−0.6498	−0.3601	0.7544
		0.6498	0.3601	−0.7544

Family Survey: Memory	⇓ = +	−2.0	2.4	2.2	2.974e–5*	0.5545	1.229e–5*	0.7626	4.594e–5*
		−1.1953	0.8464	−0.4392
		1.1953	−0.8464	0.4392

IADL	⇓ = +	−1.75	0.00	2.40	0.006692*	0.2046	0.3291	0.03612*	0.02930*
		−0.5413	−0.0917	0.5248
		0.5413	0.0917	−0.5248

ADL	⇓ = +	−1.25	−0.40	−0.80	0.5884		0.2666	0.592	0.4733

Mood	⇓ = +	−1.5	1.6	2.4	2.070e–5	0.5818	0.00108*	0.2356	<0.001*
		−0.2626	0.8770	1.1711
		0.2626	−0.8770	−1.1711

Group 1 = ‘Focus group’; group 2 = ‘training group’; group 3 = controls. In the ANOVA and t test columns, all statistically significant results are printed with an asterisk.

Some fields contain 2 or 3 lines of values. The first line shows the group's mean value, the second line (in bold) shows the z-transformed mean value and the third line (also in bold) contains the direction of the analysis.