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. 2013 Sep 4;64(14):4403–4419. doi: 10.1093/jxb/ert251

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© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 1. — Metabolism of GA₁ and GA₄ in plants. Schematic representation of the early-13-hydroxylation and non-13-hydroxylation pathways in plants. Enzymes are indicated in white boxes. Abbreviations: geranylgeranyl diphospate (GGDP), ent-copalyl diphosphate (CDP), ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS), ent-kaurene synthase (KS), ent-kaurene oxidase (KO), ent-kaurenoic acid synthase (KAO), GA 13-oxidase (GA13ox), GA 20-oxidase (GA20ox), GA 3-oxidase (GA3ox), and GA 2-oxidase (GA2ox).