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Microscopic images of cell spheroid formation and culture inside the microfluidic devices. (a) ES-D3 cells right after seeding and after 16-h culture. (c) COS-7 cells right after seeding and after 24-h culture. (c) 4-day culture of HepG2 cells inside the device. The HepG2 cells aggregate and form spheroids after 1-day culture. The sizes of the spheroids are increased during the culture period. Scale bar is 200 μm.
